2024 Tus sau: Kevin Dyson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 23:34
Kab mob thiab kab mob muaj ntau yam sib xws. Ob hom kab mob yog tshwm sim los ntawm microbes - kab mob thiab kab mob, raws li - thiab kis tau los ntawm tej yam xws li:
- hnoos thiab txham.
- Sib cuag nrog cov neeg muaj mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev hnia thiab kev sib deev.
- Tiv tauj nrog cov chaw tsis huv, zaub mov, thiab dej.
- Sib cuag nrog cov tsiaj muaj kab mob, suav nrog tsiaj, tsiaj txhu, thiab kab xws li hma thiab zuam.
Microbes kuj ua rau:
- Tus kab mob hnyav, uas luv luv.
- Tus kab mob kis tau ntev, uas tuaj yeem kav ntev li ob lub lis piam, hli, lossis ib lub neej.
- Tus kab mob tsis txaus ntseeg, uas tej zaum yuav tsis ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim thaum xub thawj tab sis tuaj yeem rov ua dua nyob rau lub hlis thiab xyoo.
tseem ceeb tshaj, kab mob kab mob thiab kab mob, tuaj yeem ua rau mob me, nruab nrab, thiab mob hnyav.
thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm, ntau lab tus tib neeg tau tuag los ntawm cov kab mob xws li kab mob plague lossis Dub Tuag, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob Yersinia pestis, thiab kab mob me me, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob variola. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis ntev los no, kev kis tus kabmob kis tau ua lub luag haujlwm rau ob qhov kev kis kabmob loj: xyoo 1918-1919 "Spanish flu" kev kis kabmob uas tau tua 20-40 lab tus tib neeg, kev kis kabmob HIV / AIDS txuas ntxiv uas tau tua yuav luag 33 lab tus tib neeg (raws li xyoo 2019), thiab Covid tshiab tus kab mob kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, uas tau tua 3 lab tus tib neeg txij li lub Plaub Hlis 2021.
Kab mob thiab kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws xws li hnoos thiab txham, ua npaws, mob, ntuav, raws plab, qaug zog, thiab ntuav - tag nrho cov no yog txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev ntawm cov kab mob. Tab sis cov kab mob thiab kab mob kis tau sib txawv hauv ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog vim cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob thiab txoj kev uas lawv teb rau cov tshuaj.
Qhov txawv ntawm kab mob thiab kab mob
Txawm hais tias cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob no tsawg dhau los pom yam tsis muaj lub tshuab ntsuas, lawv txawv li giraffes thiab goldfish.
Cov kab mob yog cov complex, ib leeg-celled creatures, ntau nrog ib tug nruj phab ntsa, thiab ib tug nyias, rubbery membrane nyob ib ncig ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub cell. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej. Cov ntaub ntawv fossilized qhia tau hais tias cov kab mob muaj txog li 3.5 billion xyoo, thiab cov kab mob tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog huab cua sov thiab txias, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tib neeg lub cev.
Cov kab mob feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem, thiab qee qhov ua tau zoo los ntawm kev zom zaub mov, rhuav tshem cov kab mob uas ua rau cov kab mob, tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, thiab muab cov khoom noj tseem ceeb. Tsawg dua 1% ntawm cov kab mob ua rau cov kab mob hauv tib neeg.
Kab mob me me: qhov loj tshaj ntawm lawv yog me dua cov kab mob me tshaj plaws. Txhua yam lawv muaj yog lub tsho tiv no protein thiab lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces, xws li RNA lossis DNA. Tsis zoo li cov kab mob, cov kab mob tsis tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob tsis muaj tus tswv. Lawv tsuas yog tsim los ntawm kev txuas lawv tus kheej mus rau cov hlwb. Feem ntau, lawv reprogram cov hlwb los ua cov kab mob tshiab kom txog thaum lub hlwb tawg thiab tuag. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, lawv hloov cov hlwb ib txwm ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
Tsis zoo li cov kab mob, cov kab mob feem ntau ua rau muaj kab mob, thiab lawv tau hais meej txog cov hlwb uas lawv tua. Piv txwv li, qee yam kab mob tua cov hlwb hauv lub siab, ua pa, lossis ntshav. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kab mob tsom mus rau cov kab mob.
Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob thiab Kab Mob
Koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj kab mob lossis kis kab mob. Kev zam suav nrog tus mob khaub thuas, uas feem ntau tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
Qee zaum, nws nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab seb tus mob puas yog kab mob lossis kab mob vim muaj ntau yam mob - suav nrog mob ntsws, mob ntsws, thiab raws plab - tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si. Tab sis koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov laj thawj los ntawm kev mloog koj cov keeb kwm kho mob thiab kuaj lub cev.
Yog tias tsim nyog, lawv kuj tuaj yeem xaj kom kuaj ntshav lossis tso zis kom paub tseeb tias muaj kev kuaj mob, lossis "kev sim kab lis kev cai" ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob lossis kab mob. Qee lub sij hawm, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam.
Kev Kho Kab Mob thiab Kab Mob
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm kho mob. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov kab mob hloov tau zoo heev, thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dhau tau ua rau ntau tus tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov no tau tsim teeb meem loj, tshwj xeeb hauv tsev kho mob.
Tshuaj tua kab mob tsis zoo tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab ntau lub koom haum ua lag luam tam sim no pom zoo tawm tsam kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj tsis yog tias muaj pov thawj tseeb ntawm tus kab mob.
Txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau tsim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau txo qis cov neeg mob tshiab ntawm cov kab mob xws li polio, qhua pias, thiab kab mob khaub thuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob xws li mob khaub thuas, kab mob siab A, kab mob siab B, human papillomavirus (HPV), thiab lwm yam.
Tab sis kev kho tus kab mob kis tau ua pov thawj nyuaj dua, feem ntau vim cov kab mob me me thiab tsim tawm hauv cov hlwb. Rau qee cov kab mob kis, xws li kab mob herpes simplex kab mob, HIV / AIDS, thiab mob npaws, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau dhau los. Tab sis kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob microbes.
Pom zoo:
Vyvanse Versus Adderall: Zoo sib xws & Qhov Sib txawv piav qhia
Vyvanse thiab Adderall yog siv los ntawm ntau tus neeg los kho qhov tsis txaus ntseeg siab tsis zoo (ADHD). Ob leeg yog stimulants hu ua amphetamines. Lawv ua haujlwm los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj hauv koj lub hlwb hu ua dopamine thiab norepinephrine uas pab koj tsom, tswj koj lub zog, thiab saib xyuas tom tsev kawm ntawv lossis ua haujlwm.
MS vs. Parkinson's Disease: Zoo sib xws & Qhov Sib txawv Piav Qhia
Ntau tus kab mob sclerosis (MS) thiab Parkinson tus kab mob feem ntau zoo li zoo ib yam. Ob yam kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau koj txhais tes co, piv txwv li. Puas yog txhais tau tias ob qho xwm txheej txuas nrog? Txawm hais tias qee qhov cim qhia ntawm MS thiab Parkinson zoo ib yam, lawv yog cov kab mob sib txawv.
Cisgender thiab Transgender: Qhov txawv piav qhia
Cisgender yog dab tsi? Cisgender, lossis cis, txhais tau hais tias poj niam txiv neej koj txheeb xyuas nrog qhov sib tw ntawm poj niam txiv neej uas tau muab rau koj thaum yug. Transgender yog thaum koj tus poj niam txiv neej tus kheej txawv ntawm kev sib deev ntawm koj daim ntawv pov thawj hnub yug.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome vs. MS: Qhov txawv piav qhia
Ntau yam sclerosis (MS) thiab Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) yog cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb. Lawv tsis zoo ib yam, tab sis lawv muaj ntau qhov sib xws. Ob leeg MS thiab GBS yog kab mob autoimmune. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los tua nws cov ntaub so ntswg.
Somogyi Effect vs. Kaj ntug Phenomenon: Qhov txawv piav qhia
Rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, cov nyhuv Somogyi thiab qhov tshwm sim kaj ntug ob qho tib si ua rau cov ntshav qab zib ntau dua thaum sawv ntxov. Qhov tshwm sim kaj ntug tshwm sim ib txwm muaj, tab sis cov nyhuv Somogyi feem ntau tshwm sim vim muaj teeb meem nrog koj txoj kev tswj ntshav qab zib.