2024 Tus sau: Kevin Dyson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 23:34
Ib qho kev tsis taus ntawm kev kawm yog ib qho teeb meem uas cuam tshuam rau tus neeg tau txais thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv li cas. Cov neeg tsis taus kawm ntawv yuav muaj teeb meem nrog ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Nyeem
- Kev sau ntawv
- ua lej
- Kev nkag siab cov lus qhia
Kev kawm tsis taus yog ib txwm muaj. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 8% thiab 10% ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 18 xyoo hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam kev kawm tsis taus.
Kev kawm tsis taus tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog tus neeg ntse npaum li cas. Tiam sis, tus neeg uas muaj kev xiam oob qhab kev kawm tsuas yog pom, hnov, lossis nkag siab yam txawv. Qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub, xws li kev kawm rau kev xeem lossis nyob twj ywm hauv chav kawm, nyuaj dua. Muaj cov tswv yim uas tus neeg tuaj yeem kawm kom yooj yim los daws cov kev sib txawv no.
Type of Learning Disabilities
Muaj ntau yam kev kawm tsis taus, thiab lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg sib txawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev tsis txaus siab tsis txaus ntseeg (ADHD) thiab cov kab mob autism spectrum tsis zoo ib yam li kev kawm tsis taus.
Cov hom kev kawm tseem ceeb xws li:
Dyspraxia. Dyspraxia cuam tshuam rau tus neeg lub cev muaj zog. Kev txawj tsav tsheb pab peb nrog kev txav thiab kev sib koom tes. Ib tug menyuam yaus uas muaj dyspraxia tuaj yeem tsoo rau hauv cov khoom lossis muaj teeb meem tuav rab diav lossis khi lawv cov hlua khau. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tawm tsam nrog tej yam xws li kev sau ntawv thiab ntaus ntawv. Lwm yam teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog dyspraxia suav nrog:
- hais lus nyuaj
- rhiab rau lub teeb, kov, saj, lossis tsw
- Qhov muag tsis pom kev
Dyslexia. Dyslexia cuam tshuam li cas tus neeg ua lus, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv nyuaj. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua teeb meem nrog cov qauv sau ntawv thiab kev nkag siab nyeem ntawv. Cov menyuam yaus kuj yuav muaj teeb meem qhia lawv tus kheej hais lus thiab sib tham thaum sib tham.
Dysgraphia. Dysgraphia cuam tshuam rau tus neeg lub peev xwm sau ntawv. Cov neeg uas muaj dysgraphia tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam teeb meem, suav nrog:
- sau ntawv tsis zoo
- Teeb meem nrog kev sau ntawv
- nyuaj tso kev xav rau hauv ntawv
Dyscalculia. Dyscalculia cuam tshuam rau tus neeg lub peev xwm ua lej. Kev mob lej tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam thiab muaj cov tsos mob sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, dyscalculia tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev kawm suav thiab paub tus lej. Raws li tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj, lawv yuav muaj teeb meem los daws cov teeb meem lej yooj yim lossis cim cov khoom xws li cov lus sib npaug.
Auditory Processing Disorder. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm txoj kev lub hlwb ua cov suab uas tus neeg nkag mus. Nws tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis hnov lus. Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no yuav muaj teeb meem:
- Kawm nyeem
- Txoj kev sib txawv ntawm lub suab nrov tom qab
- Ua raws li cov lus qhia
- Qhia qhov txawv ntawm cov suab zoo sib xws
- Nco ntsoov tej uas lawv tau hnov
Visual Processing Disorder. Ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem ua qhov pom kev muaj teeb meem txhais cov ntaub ntawv pom. Tej zaum lawv yuav muaj kev nyuaj nrog kev nyeem ntawv lossis qhia qhov txawv ntawm ob yam khoom uas zoo sib xws. Cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis pom kev ua haujlwm feem ntau muaj teeb meem nrog kev sib koom tes ntawm qhov muag.
Diagnosting a Learning Disability
Kev kawm tsis taus tuaj yeem kuaj pom tau nyuaj, vim tsis muaj cov npe qhia tseeb uas haum rau txhua tus menyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau tus menyuam yaus sim zais qhov teeb meem. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis pom ib yam dab tsi uas pom tseeb tshaj qhov tsis txaus siab txog kev ua tom tsev lossis tus menyuam uas tsis xav mus kawm ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem yog cov cim qhia ntawm kev kawm tsis meej:
- Tsis txaus siab nyeem lossis sau ntawv
- Teeb meem nco txog yam
- Ua haujlwm qeeb
- Teeb meem raws li cov lus qhia
- Teeb meem nyob twj ywm rau txoj haujlwm
- nyuaj nkag siab cov tswv yim paub daws teeb meem
- Tsis txhob mloog kom meej, lossis ntau dhau rau kev nthuav dav
- Kev txawj ntse tsis zoo
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Yog koj xav tias muaj kev kawm tsis zoo, tham nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws qhia txog kev ntsuas koj tus menyuam. Tej zaum nws yuav tsim nyog mus ntsib ob peb tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej koj tau txais kev kuaj pom tseeb. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb no yuav suav nrog tus kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, tus kws kho mob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tus kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, tus kws kho mob ua haujlwm, lossis tus kws kho hais lus thiab lus, nyob ntawm seb koj tus menyuam muaj teeb meem. Lawv yuav ua ntau yam kev xeem thiab kev soj ntsuam kom mus txog qhov teeb meem.
Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Thaum Ntxov ntawm Kev Kawm Tsis Taus
Paub cov cim qhia ntxov ntawm kev xiam oob khab tuaj yeem pab cov niam txiv tau txais lawv cov menyuam kev pabcuam sai li sai tau. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau koj tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb. Kev ncua xws li taug kev lig lossis hais lus lossis teeb meem nrog kev sib raug zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev kawm hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool.
Kev Kho Kev Kawm Tsis Txaus Siab
Kev kawm tshwj xeeb yog kev kho mob feem ntau rau kev kawm tsis meej. Raws li Txoj Cai Kev Kawm Tsis Taus Tus Kheej (IDEA), tag nrho cov menyuam yaus hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas uas muaj kev tsis taus kawm ntawv muaj cai tau txais kev pabcuam kev kawm tshwj xeeb pub dawb hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem.
Tom qab ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov twg koj tus menyuam muaj teeb meem, pab pawg kws qhia tshwj xeeb yuav tsim ib qho kev kawm tshwj xeeb (IEP) rau koj tus menyuam uas qhia txog cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb uas lawv xav tau kom muaj kev vam meej hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Cov kws qhia ntawv tshwj xeeb yuav pab koj tus menyuam txhim kho lawv lub zog thiab qhia lawv txoj hauv kev los pab txhawb rau lawv qhov tsis muaj zog.
Ntau qhov kev pabcuam tseem muaj nyob sab nraud ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem, suav nrog:
- Cov tsev kawm ntiag tug uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev tsis taus kawm
- Cov kev pab cuam tom qab kawm ntawv tsim los rau cov me nyuam muaj kev tsis taus kawm ntawv
- Kev pab qhia ntawv tom tsev thiab kev kho mob
Ib qho kev xiam oob khab tsis tas yuav yog txoj hauv kev rau kev vam meej. Nrog cov cuab yeej raug, cov neeg muaj kev xiam oob khab tuaj yeem kov yeej txhua qhov kev sib tw.
Parenting a Child With a Learning Disability
Nrhiav kom paub tias koj tus menyuam muaj kev xiam oob khab hauv kev kawm yuav nyuaj heev. Ntau tus niam txiv pom cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob kev xiam oob khab tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab tom qab ntawd thaum qhov kev kuaj mob tuaj, lawv ntsib kev sib ntaus sib tua kom tau lawv cov menyuam kev pab lawv xav tau.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau raws li niam txiv tsuas yog hlub thiab txhawb nqa koj tus menyuam. Cov lus qhia no tseem tuaj yeem pab koj pab koj tus menyuam:
1. Kawm txhua yam koj ua tau. Tau txais tag nrho cov lus tseeb txog koj tus menyuam qhov kev tsis taus ntawm kev kawm thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas rau txoj kev kawm. Cov kev pabcuam tshawb fawb thiab cov tswv yim txhawb nqa kom koj thiaj li tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob zoo rau koj tus menyuam.
2. Ua koj tus menyuam tus kws lijchoj. Ua haujlwm nrog koj tus menyuam lub tsev kawm ntawv los tsim ib qho IEP (Individualized Education Plan) - ib txoj kev npaj tshwj xeeb uas tsim cov hom phiaj rau koj tus menyuam thiab piav qhia txog kev txhawb nqa uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ncav cuag cov hom phiaj ntawd. Nkag siab txog txoj cai kev kawm tshwj xeeb thiab cov cai hauv tsev kawm ntawv kom koj thiaj li paub tseeb tias koj tus menyuam tau txais kev kawm ntau tshaj plaws. Muaj ntau yam kev pab cuam, tab sis tej zaum lawv yuav tsis muaj kom txog thaum koj nug lawv.
3. Xyuas kom koj tus menyuam muaj tus cwj pwm noj qab nyob zoo. Tus menyuam uas tau tsaug zog ntau hmo ntuj, noj zaub mov kom zoo, thiab tawm dag zog kom ntau yog tus menyuam muaj kev noj qab haus huv, lub hlwb thiab lub cev.
4. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj tus menyuam txoj kev xav. Kev kawm tsis taus tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam saib taus tus kheej. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov tsos mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab, xws li kev xav tsis zoo, hloov pauv hauv kev pw tsaug zog lossis qab los noj mov, lossis tsis txaus siab rau lawv cov dej num ib txwm muaj.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas VQ Scan? Hom Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Cov Khaub Ncaws no
A VQ scan luv luv rau lub ntsws lossis Pulmonary Ventilation (V) thiab Perfusion (Q) Scans. Nws yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas uas ntsuas huab cua thiab ntshav ntws hauv koj lub ntsws. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem thov qhov kev sim no, thiab hauv qab no koj yuav pom ntau ntxiv txog qhov xav tau.
ADHD thiab Kev Nyuaj Siab, Kev ntxhov siab, Kev tawm tsam tsis zoo, thiab kev kawm tsis taus
Koj tau hais tias koj tus menyuam muaj ADHD. Tab sis koj tsis paub meej txog kev kuaj mob lossis yog tias txhua yam tshwm sim. Koj yuav tsum ua dab tsi? Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob paub, vim nws muaj ntau rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob no muaj lwm yam mob tib lub sijhawm.
Mob vwm tom tsev kawm ntawv: Kev saib xyuas, kev nyab xeeb, kev qias neeg, kev kawm tsis taus, thiab lwm yam
Mus kawm ntawv tuaj yeem ntxhov siab rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob vwm. Tej zaum lawv yuav txhawj xeeb txog kev qaug dab peg hauv chav kawm lossis lwm tus tub ntxhais kawm yuav ua li cas. Cov niam txiv kuj ntxhov siab thiab. Lawv feem ntau txhawj xeeb tias lawv tus menyuam tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsis paub yuav ua li cas kho tus mob qaug dab peg, lossis tias lawv tus menyuam yuav raug kho tsis ncaj ncees vim muaj mob vwm.
Cov Roj Tseem Ceeb tuaj yeem kho mob neuropathy: Tshawb nrhiav seb Kev Tshawb Fawb Qhia
Neuropathy yog ib yam mob uas tshwm sim thaum koj cov hlab ntsha tsis ua haujlwm raws li lawv xav tau vim tias koj lub paj hlwb tau raug puas los yog puas lawm. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txoj kev koj xav tau, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau loog, tingling, thiab mob.
Thaum Ua Tsis Taus Ua Tsis Taus Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev?
Thaum koj xav tias koj ua tsis taus pa tob txaus, tsis muaj cua txaus, lossis ua haujlwm hnyav dhau los ua pa, koj ua pa luv. Cov kws kho mob qee zaum hu ua dyspnea. Txhua tus ua tsis taus pa qee zaum. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim thaum koj tawm dag zog, mob khaub thuas, lossis ntxhov siab.